Fenoximetilpenicilina Fabra may be available in the countries listed below.
Phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium (a derivative of Phenoxymethylpenicillin) is reported as an ingredient of Fenoximetilpenicilina Fabra in the following countries:
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Acenocoumarol Merck may be available in the countries listed below.
Acenocoumarol is reported as an ingredient of Acenocoumarol Merck in the following countries:
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Politosse may be available in the countries listed below.
Cloperastine fendizoate (a derivative of Cloperastine) is reported as an ingredient of Politosse in the following countries:
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Panfor may be available in the countries listed below.
Metformin hydrochloride (a derivative of Metformin) is reported as an ingredient of Panfor in the following countries:
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Each 5 mL (teaspoonful) contains:
Dexamethasone, USP 0.5 mg
Also contains:
Benzoic Acid, USP 0.1%
(as preservative)
Alcohol 5.1%
Inactive Ingredients: Artificial Raspberry Flavor; Citric Acid, USP; FD&C Red No. 40; Liquid Sugar; Propylene Glycol, USP and Purified Water, USP. It may also contain Sodium Citrate, USP.
Glucocorticoids are adrenocortical steroids, both naturally occurring and synthetic, which are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Dexamethasone, a synthetic adrenocortical steroid, is a white to practically white, odorless, crystalline powder. It is stable in air. It is practically insoluble in water. The molecular weight is 392.47. It is designated chemically as 9-fluoro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. The molecular formula is C22H29FO5 and the structural formula is:
Naturally occurring glucocorticoids, (hydrocortisone and cortisone), which also have salt-retaining properties, are used as replacement therapy in adrenocortical deficiency states. Their synthetic analogs, including dexamethasone, are primarily used for their potent antiinflammatory effects in disorders of many organ systems.
Glucocorticoids cause profound and varied metabolic effects. In addition, they modify the body's immune responses to diverse stimuli.
At equipotent anti-inflammatory doses, dexamethasone almost completely lacks the sodium-retaining property of hydrocortisone and closely related derivatives of hydrocortisone.
In patients on corticosteroid therapy subjected to unusual stress, increased dosage of rapidly acting corticosteroids before, during, and after the stressful situation is indicated.
Drug-induced secondary adrenocortical insufficiency may result from too rapid withdrawal of corticosteroids and may be minimized by gradual reduction of dosage. This type of relative insufficiency may persist for months after discontinuation of therapy; therefore, in any situation of stress occurring during that period, hormone therapy should be reinstituted. If the patient is receiving steroids already, dosage may have to be increased. Since mineralocorticoid secretion may be impaired, salt and/or a mineralocorticoid should be administered concurrently.
Corticosteroids may mask some signs of infection, and new infections may appear during their use. There may be decreased resistance and inability to localize infection when corticosteroids are used. Moreover, corticosteroids may affect the nitroblue-tetrazolium test for bacterial infection and produce false-negative results.
In cerebral malaria, a double-blind trial has shown that the use of corticosteroids is associated with prolongation of coma and a higher incidence of pneumonia and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Corticosteroids may activate latent amebiasis. Therefore, it is recommended that latent or active amebiasis be ruled out before initiating corticosteroid therapy in any patient who has spent time in the tropics or any patient with unexplained diarrhea.
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may produce posterior subcapsular cataracts, glaucoma with possible damage to the optic nerves, and may enhance the establishment of secondary ocular infections due to fungi or viruses.
Since adequate human reproduction studies have not been done with corticosteroids, use of these drugs in pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential requires that the anticipated benefits be weighed against the possible hazards to the mother and embryo or fetus. Infants born of mothers who have received substantial doses of corticosteroids during pregnancy should be carefully observed for signs of hypoadrenalism.
Corticosteroids appear in breast milk and could suppress growth, interfere with endogenous corticosteroid production, or cause other unwanted effects. Mothers taking pharmacologic doses of corticosteroids should be advised not to nurse.
Average and large doses of hydrocortisone or cortisone can cause elevation of blood pressure, salt and water retention, and increased excretion of potassium. These effects are less likely to occur with the synthetic derivatives except when used in large doses. Dietary salt restriction and potassium supplementation may be necessary. All corticosteroids increase calcium excretion.
Administration of live virus vaccines, including smallpox, is contraindicated in individuals receiving immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids. If inactivated viral or bacterial vaccines are administered to individuals receiving immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids, the expected serum antibody response may not be obtained. However, immunization procedures may be undertaken in patients who are receiving corticosteroids as replacement therapy, e.g., for Addison's disease.
Persons who are on drugs which suppress the immune system are more susceptible to infections than healthy individuals. Chickenpox and measles, for example, can have more serious or even fatal course in non-immune children or adults on corticosteroids. In such children or adults who have not had these diseases, particular care should be taken to avoid exposure. How the dose, route and duration of corticosteroid administration affects the risk of developing a disseminated infection is not known. The contribution of the underlying disease and/or prior corticosteroid treatment to the risk is also not known. If exposed to chickenpox, prophylaxis with varicella zoster immune globulin (VZlG) may be indicated. If exposed to measles, prophylaxis with pooled intramuscular immunoglobulin (IG) may be indicated. (See the respective package inserts for complete VZIG and IG prescribing information.) If chickenpox develops, treatment with antiviral agents may be considered.
The use of Dexamethasone Elixir in active tuberculosis should be restricted to those cases of fulminating or disseminated tuberculosis in which the corticosteroid is used for the management of the disease in conjunction with an appropriate antituberculous regimen.
If corticosteroids are indicated in patients with latent tuberculosis or tuberculin reactivity, close observation is necessary as reactivation of the disease may occur. During prolonged corticosteroid therapy, these patients should receive chemoprophylaxis.
Literature reports suggest an apparent association between use of corticosteroids and left ventricular free wall rupture after a recent myocardial infarction; therefore, therapy with corticosteroids should be used with great caution in these patients.
Following prolonged therapy, withdrawal of corticosteroids may result in symptoms of the corticosteroid withdrawal syndrome including fever, myalgia, arthralgia, and malaise. This may occur in patients even without evidence of adrenal insufficiency.
There is an enhanced effect of corticosteroids in patients with hypothyroidism and in those with cirrhosis.
Corticosteroids should be used cautiously in patients with ocular herpes simplex because of possible corneal perforation.
The lowest possible dose of corticosteroid should be used to control the condition under treatment, and when reduction in dosage is possible, the reduction should be gradual.
Psychic derangements may appear when corticosteroids are used, ranging from euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, and severe depression, to frank psychotic manifestations. Also, existing emotional instability or psychotic tendencies may be aggravated by corticosteroids.
Aspirin should be used cautiously in conjunction with corticosteroids in hypoprothrombinemia.
Steroids should be used with caution in nonspecific ulcerative colitis, if there is a probability of impending perforation, abscess, or other pyogenic infection, diverticulitis, fresh intestinal anastomoses, active or latent peptic ulcer, renal insufficiency, hypertension, osteoporosis and myasthenia gravis. Fat embolism has been reported as a possible complication of hypercortisonism.
When large doses are given, some authorities advise that corticosteroids be taken with meals and antacids taken between meals to help to prevent peptic ulcer.
Growth and development of infants and children on prolonged corticosteroid therapy should be carefully observed.
Steroids may increase or decrease motility and number of spermatozoa in some patients.
Phenytoin, phenobarbital, ephedrine, and rifampin may enhance the metabolic clearance of corticosteroids, resulting in decreased blood levels and lessened physiologic activity, thus requiring adjustment in corticosteroid dosage. These interactions may interfere with dexamethasone suppression tests which should be interpreted with caution during administration of these drugs.
False-negative results in the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in patients being treated with indomethacin have been reported. Thus, results of the DST should be interpreted with caution in these patients.
The prothrombin time should be checked frequently in patients who are receiving corticosteroids and coumarin anticoagulants at the same time because of reports that corticosteroids have altered the response to these anticoagulants. Studies have shown that the usual effect produced by adding corticosteroids is inhibition of response to coumarins, although there have been some conflicting reports of potentiation not substantiated by studies.
When corticosteroids are administered concomitantly with potassium-depleting diuretics, patients should be observed closely for development of hypokalemia.
Persons who are on immunosuppressant doses of corticosteroids should be warned to avoid exposure to chickenpox or measles. Patients should also be advised that if they are exposed, medical advice should be sought without delay.
Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances:
Musculoskeletal:
Gastrointestinal:
Dermatologic:
Neurologic:
Endocrine:
Ophthalmic:
Metabolic:
Cardiovascular:
Other:
Reports of acute toxicity and/or death following overdosage of glucocorticoids are rare. In the event of overdosage, no specific antidote is available; treatment is supportive and symptomatic.
The oral LD50 of dexamethasone in female mice was 6.5 g/kg.
For oral administration: DOSAGE REQUIREMENTS ARE VARIABLE AND MUST BE INDIVIDUALIZED ON THE BASIS OF THE DISEASE AND THE RESPONSE OF THE PATIENT.
The initial dosage varies from 0.75 to 9 mg a day depending on the disease being treated. In less severe diseases doses lower than 0.75 mg may suffice, while in severe diseases doses higher than 9 mg may be required. The initial dosage should be maintained or adjusted until the patient's response is satisfactory. If satisfactory clinical response does not occur after a reasonable period of time, discontinue Dexamethasone Elixir and transfer the patient to other therapy.
After a favorable initial response, the proper maintenance dosage should be determined by decreasing the initial dosage in small amounts to the lowest dosage that maintains an adequate clinical response.
Patients should be observed closely for signs that might require dosage adjustment, including changes in clinical status resulting from remissions or exacerbations of the disease, individual drug responsiveness, and the effect of stress (e.g., surgery, infection, trauma). During stress it may be necessary to increase dosage temporarily.
If the drug is to be stopped after more than a few days of treatment, it usually should be withdrawn gradually.
The following milligram equivalents facilitate changing to Dexamethasone Elixir from other glucocorticoids:
| Dexamethasone Elixir | METHYLPREDNI-SOLONE AND TRIAMCINOLONE | PREDNISOLONE AND PREDNISONE | HYDROCORTISONE | CORTISONE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 mg = | 4 mg = | 5 mg = | 20 mg = | 25 mg |
Dexamethasone Elixir 0.5 mg/5 mL is supplied as a clear, red, raspberry-flavored liquid in the following sizes:
100 mL fill in a 4 fl oz bottle with separately packaged dropper assembly. Dropper graduated for 0.125 mg and 0.25 mg.
8 fl oz (No Dropper) (237 mL)
Store at controlled room temperature, 15 °–30 °C (59 °–86 °F).
KEEP TIGHTLY CLOSED
AVOID FREEZING
Dispense in a tight container as defined in the USP.
Rx Only
Product No.: 8466
Manufactured By: Morton Grove Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Morton Grove, IL 60053
A50-8466-08 REV. 04-08
MGP
NDC 60432-466-08
DEXAMETHASONE
ELIXIR, USP
0.5 mg/5 mL
DO NOT USE IF TAMPER-EVIDENT
SEAL IS BROKEN OR MISSING.
Rx Only
NET: 8 fl oz (237 mL)
| DEXAMETHASONE dexamethasone elixir | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Marketing Information | |||
| Marketing Category | Application Number or Monograph Citation | Marketing Start Date | Marketing End Date |
| ANDA | ANDA088254 | 07/27/1983 | |
| Labeler - Morton Grove Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (801897505) |
| Establishment | |||
| Name | Address | ID/FEI | Operations |
| Pharmacia and Upjohn Company | 829076566 | API MANUFACTURE | |
In the US, Granisetron (granisetron systemic) is a member of the drug class 5HT3 receptor antagonists and is used to treat Nausea/Vomiting - Chemotherapy Induced, Nausea/Vomiting - Postoperative and Nausea/Vomiting - Radiation Induced.
US matches:
UK matches:
Rec.INN
A04AA02
0109889-09-0
C18-H24-N4-O
312
Antiemetic
Serotonin antagonist
1-Methyl-N-(endo-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
International Drug Name Search
Glossary
| BAN | British Approved Name |
| BANM | British Approved Name (Modified) |
| DCF | Dénomination Commune Française |
| IS | Inofficial Synonym |
| OS | Official Synonym |
| PH | Pharmacopoeia Name |
| Rec.INN | Recommended International Nonproprietary Name (World Health Organization) |
| SPC | Summary of Product Characteristics (UK) |
| USAN | United States Adopted Name |
Definition of Nocardiosis: Nocardia infection is a rare disorder caused by bacteria called nocardia, which tend to affect the lungs, brain, or skin. It occurs primarily in individuals with weakened immune systems.
The following drugs and medications are in some way related to, or used in the treatment of Nocardiosis. This service should be used as a supplement to, and NOT a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners.
Dietary management of low plasma or low red blood cell folate in certain patients. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Deplin is a medical food. It works by providing the body with folate.
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
Treatments for depression are getting better everyday and there are things you can start doing right away.
Some medical conditions may interact with Deplin. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Deplin. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Deplin may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Use Deplin as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Deplin.
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. No COMMON side effects have been reported with Deplin. Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue).
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.
See also: Deplin side effects (in more detail)
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately.
Store Deplin at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store in original container until just before use. Store away from heat, light, and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Deplin out of the reach of children and away from pets.
This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Deplin. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
Teranol may be available in the countries listed below.
Ketorolac tromethamine (a derivative of Ketorolac) is reported as an ingredient of Teranol in the following countries:
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Agalit may be available in the countries listed below.
Gabexate mesilate (a derivative of Gabexate) is reported as an ingredient of Agalit in the following countries:
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